说明

  du命令用于统计磁盘空间使用情况，这个命令可以让我们找出哪个文件过多的占用了磁盘空间

格式

  du [option] [file]

常用参数说明

• -a：显示所有文件大小
• -h：以人类刻度的方式查看大小，以K、M、G为单位
• -s：显示文件的总大小
• —exclude=文件或目录：忽略指定的文件或目录
• -X，—exclude-from=FILE：从文件读取需要忽略的目录或文件
• —max-depth=N：显示N级子目录的大小

示例

1、-a参数使用，显示当前目录下的所有文件大小，包括隐藏文件

[root@localhost test1]# du -a
0    ./data1
0    ./data2
4    ./test.txt
4    .

2、-s参数的使用

[root@localhost test1]# du -s
4    .

3、-h参数使用

[root@localhost test1]# du -h
0    ./data1
0    ./data2
4.0K    .

[root@localhost test1]# du -sh #结合s选项
4.0K    .

[root@localhost test1]# du -ah #结合a选项
0    ./data1
0    ./data2
4.0K    ./test.txt
4.0K    .

4、显示指定层级的目录大小

[root@localhost test1]# du -h --max-depth=1 /usr/local/ #只显示第一层的大小
0    /usr/local/bin
0    /usr/local/etc
0    /usr/local/games
0    /usr/local/include
0    /usr/local/lib
0    /usr/local/lib64
0    /usr/local/libexec
0    /usr/local/sbin
4.0K    /usr/local/share
0    /usr/local/src
8.0K    /usr/local/

[root@localhost test1]# du -h --max-depth=2 /usr/local/ #只显示第一二层的大小
0    /usr/local/bin
0    /usr/local/etc
0    /usr/local/games
0    /usr/local/include
0    /usr/local/lib
0    /usr/local/lib64
0    /usr/local/libexec
0    /usr/local/sbin
0    /usr/local/share/applications
0    /usr/local/share/info
4.0K    /usr/local/share/man
4.0K    /usr/local/share
0    /usr/local/src
8.0K    /usr/local/

5、排除指定的目录

[root@localhost test1]# du -h --max-depth=2 /usr/local/ --exclude=/usr/local/include
0    /usr/local/bin
0    /usr/local/etc
0    /usr/local/games
0    /usr/local/lib
0    /usr/local/lib64
0    /usr/local/libexec
0    /usr/local/sbin
0    /usr/local/share/applications
0    /usr/local/share/info
4.0K    /usr/local/share/man
4.0K    /usr/local/share
0    /usr/local/src
8.0K    /usr/local/

6、根据指定文件的内容来排除

[root@localhost test1]# cat file.txt 
/usr/local/etc
/usr/local/games
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/libexec

[root@localhost test1]# du -h --max-depth=2 /usr/local/ --exclude-from=file.txt 
0    /usr/local/bin
0    /usr/local/include
0    /usr/local/sbin
0    /usr/local/share/applications
0    /usr/local/share/info
4.0K    /usr/local/share/man
4.0K    /usr/local/share
0    /usr/local/src
8.0K    /usr/local/